[Grem] Rio / a Megváltó Krisztus szobor története angolul (köszönet E.Csordás, k.Lttagnak)

Emoke Greschik greschem at gmail.com
2016. Aug. 16., K, 18:03:29 CEST 

How Christ The Redeemer statue came to dominate the Rio skyline:
Fascinating photos show how iconic statue was built and the story behind it

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3740325/How-Christ-Redeemer-statue-came-dominate-Rio-skyline-Fascinating-photos-iconic-statue-built-story-it.html

   - *It was built after Brazilians feared a lack of God in their lives
   after church and state separated in a republic*
   - *Designed in the early 1920s before opening in 1931, the designs kept
   changing during construction phase*
   - *The architect said: 'We were marching towards... artistic failure,
   without being able to go back'*
   - *Located more than 700 metres above ground, the statue i**s 38 metres
   high with an arm span of 28 metres*

By Patrick Lion For Mailonline
<http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/search.html?s=&authornamef=Patrick+Lion+For+Mailonline>

Published: 01:06 GMT, 15 August 2016 | Updated: 11:17 GMT, 15 August 2016
It has become the symbol of the host city of the 2016 Olympic Games,
towering over Rio De Janeiro as athletes from around the world compete
below.

But the Christ The Redeemer statue - sitting 700 metres above the city's
beaches and favelas on Corcovado mountain - has a life story worthy of
Olympic legend.

Inspired by bolstering Christianity in the wake of Brazil becoming a
republic at the end of the 19th century, the 38-metre high statue was still
being designed and crafted by a team of artists, engineers and architects
from across the world while being built atop the mountain during the 1920s.

Workers were marching towards 'inevitable artistic failure', as Brazilian
architect Heitor da Silva Costa reportedly said, without being able to go
back.

But they kept moving forward. And the result is one of the most memorable
religious, cultural, tourist and photographic sites on the planet.
[image: Workers had to scale scaffolding during the construction phase of
the project during the late 1920s and early 1930s]
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Workers had to scale scaffolding during the construction phase of the
project during the late 1920s and early 1930s
[image: The scaffolding looked precarious during the construction phase]
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[image: Planes circle the statue on the day of its opening]
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The scaffolding looked precarious during the construction phase (left)
before it came down for the statue's opening (right)
[image: Only the face of Jesus Christ can be seen amid the scaffoldings as
workers scramble to build the project atop the mountain]
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Only the face of Jesus Christ can be seen amid the scaffoldings as workers
scramble to build the project atop the mountain
[image: Construction of the Christ the Redeemer project in progress as a
plane flies by over the Rio De Janeiro waterfront below]
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Construction of the Christ the Redeemer project in progress as a plane
flies by over the Rio De Janeiro waterfront below
[image: The photo shows the incredible height of the mountain location,
allowing the statue to be viewed from multiple vantage points around Rio De
Janeiro]
+36

The photo shows the incredible height of the mountain location, allowing
the statue to be viewed from multiple vantage points around Rio De Janeiro
[image: The Rio De Janeiro cityscape today with Christ the Redeemer and
Sugarloaf Mountain in the background]
+36

The Rio De Janeiro cityscape today with Christ the Redeemer and Sugarloaf
Mountain in the background

The first idea of a statue emerged in the 1850s when a local Rio De Janeiro
priest suggested placing a Christian monument on Corcovado. He requested
funds from Brazilian Princess Isabel to build one.

However, the Princess was not enthusiastic about the project.

By the time the Republic of Brazil was founded in 1889, separating church
and statue, the idea was scrapped.

The project is said to have re-emerged after World War One when a group of
Brazilians, including the Roman Catholic archdiocese of Rio de Janeiro,
feared a lack of religion in Brazilian life after the separation of Church
and state in the new republic and wanted to make a bold statement in the
name of Christianity.

There were thoughts of using nearby Sugar Loaf Mountain - now also a major
tourist attraction - for the statue but Corcovado was chosen for its
towering height and ability to be seen from vantage points around the city.

The Archdiocese of Rio de Janeiro reportedly proposed in 1921 that a statue
of Christ be built on the mountain and citizens petitioned then President
Epitácio Pessoa to allow the project to proceed.
[image: The face under construction (left) as well as the giant hands -
shown as three times the height of an adult (right)]
+36

The face under construction (left) as well as the giant hands - shown as
three times the height of an adult (right)
[image: Part of the face right under construction]
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[image: The full face began to emerge in construction of the statue.]
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Part of the face right under construction (left) before the full face of
Jesus Christ began to emerge (right)
[image: Workers build the iconic face of Christ The Redeemer with the help
of long wooden poles acting as scaffolding]
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Workers build the iconic face of Christ The Redeemer with the help of long
wooden poles acting as scaffolding
[image: Brazilian engineer Heitor da Silva Costa built the statue]
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[image: Albert Caquot built the statue]
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[image: Romanian artist Gheorghe Leonida worked on the face]
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Brazilian engineer and architect Heitor da Silva Costa (left) won the
design competition before building the statue with French engineer Albert
Caquot (centre).  Romanian artist Gheorghe Leonida (right) helped work on
the face

Brazilian architect Heitor da Silva Costa won the design competition in
early 1922, reportedly imagining the statue to face the rising sun.

'The statue of the divine saviour shall be the first image to emerge from
the obscurity in which the earth is plunged and to receive the salute of
the star of the day which, after surrounding it with its radiant
luminosity, shall build at sunset around its head a halo fit for the
Man-God,' he said, according to the BBC
<http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/2014/newsspec_7141/index.html>.

An initial design involved a statue of Christ carrying a cross in one hand
and a globe in his other hand - though this was often wrongly interpreted
at the time as a ball.

The foundation stone for the statue was laid in 1922.
[image: French-Polish sculptor Paul Landowski shown at work on a hand for
the sculpture]
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French-Polish sculptor Paul Landowski shown at work on a hand for the
sculpture
[image: Landowski works next to a miniature of the statue, which would
later tower 38 metres when erected on the mountain]
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Landowski works next to a miniature of the statue, which would later tower
38 metres when erected on the mountain
[image: The project being constructed, but already overlooking, the port of
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, circa 1930]
+36

The project being constructed, but already overlooking, the port of Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil, circa 1930
[image: Scaffolding is seen while, at the foot of the statue, uniformed
British officers of the cruiser 'Dauntless' visited the gigantic statue
before its formal unveiling]
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Scaffolding is seen while, at the foot of the statue, uniformed British
officers of the cruiser 'Dauntless' visited the gigantic statue before its
formal unveiling

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But the design and finish had still not been finalised - and would not be
for years, even as a steel frame was erected on the top of the mountain
well into the late 1920s.

 'We were marching towards the inevitable artistic failure, without being
able to go back,' Silva Costa reportedly said.

A defining moment in the project came when the design, now utilizing the
skills of artist Carlos Oswald, instead made Christ himself the cross - an
iconic symbol that would tower over Rio.

Da Silva Costa is said to have visited Europe in 1924 to seek help from the
leading French engineer with reinforced concrete, Albert Caquot, meeting a
range of sculptors along the way.

Polish-French sculptor Paul Landowski was chosen. He has been praised as
the man behind the design of the figure's head and hands, with the BBC
saying he produced the pieces full-sized in clay before shipping them to
Brazl to be reproduced in concrete.

Silva Costa was not a fan of concrete as a finish. Too rough and crude, he
thought.
[image: The finishing touches are applied to the statue ahead of its
opening to an eager Brazilian public in October 1931]
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The finishing touches are applied to the statue ahead of its opening to an
eager Brazilian public in October 1931
[image: The statue during the opening on October 12, 1931 after almost a
decade of designs and construction]
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The statue during the opening on October 12, 1931 after almost a decade of
designs and construction

Then he walked past a fountain covered in a silvery mosaic in an arcade on
the Champs Elysees in Paris.

'By seeing how the small tiles covered all the curved profiles of the
fountain, I was soon taken by the idea of using them on the image which I
always had in my thoughts,' wrote Silva Costa according to the BBC.

Caquot was enlisted to help build the project under Silva Costa's
supervision. The materials were carried up the mountain by a railway.

[image: The statue appears surrounded by scaffoldings for a cleaning
operation in March 2010]
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The statue appears surrounded by scaffoldings for a cleaning operation in
March 2010
[image: Workers climb the scaffolding surrounding the Christ the Redeemer
statue during the March 2010 cleaning operation]
+36

Workers climb the scaffolding surrounding the Christ the Redeemer statue
during the March 2010 cleaning operation

When the statue was opened on October 12, 1931, the finished statue was 38
metres tall, including the 8-metre pedestal, with arms that stretched 28
metres wide.

The cost was reportedly USD $250,000 - about $3.4million in today's money,
according to Newsday
<http://www.newsday.com/sports/olympics/rio-olympics-2016-christ-the-redeemer-cristo-redentor-statue-fun-facts-1.12122616>
.

Located at the peak of the 700-metre Corcovado mountain in the Tijuca
Forest National Park overlooking the beaches and favelas of Rio, it quickly
became a defining image of Rio De Janeiro and Brazil.

As it was first imagined, it has also become one of the most memorable
images of Christianity on the planet - with even papal visits occurring.

The statue has become one of the Seven New Wonders of The World - alongside
far older structures such as The Colosseum in Rome and the Great Wall of
China.
<http://www.dailymail.co.uk/video/news/video-1320430/Well-endowed-pole-vaulter-suffers-unfortunate-Olympic-mishap.html>
[image: A common sight in Rio is the statue emerging out of morning fog,
before the weather clears and thousands of tourists climb the mountain to
get views up and down the city's coastline, including nearby Copacabana
Beach to the right]
+36

A common sight in Rio is the statue emerging out of morning fog, before the
weather clears and thousands of tourists climb the mountain to get views up
and down the city's coastline, including nearby Copacabana Beach to the
right
[image: Lightning strikes next to the statue Christ the Redeemer in Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil, on January 16, 2014]
+36

Lightning strikes next to the statue Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil, on January 16, 2014
[image: The lighting strikes around the statue in January 2016 are one of
the more memorable ways the statue has been seen]
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The lighting strikes around the statue in January 2016 are one of the more
memorable ways the statue has been seen

Still, the work has continued atop Corcovado.

Modern luxuries such as escalators and elevators have been added in recent
decades to ease the stair climb for tourists making the pilgrimage to the
statue, especially in big numbers during the recent hosting of the FIFA
World Cup in 2014 and now the Olympics.

The statue has undergone cleaning renovations including a thorough cleaning
in 1980, in preparation for the visit of Pope John Paul II that year,
according to Encyclopaedia Britannica
<https://www.britannica.com/topic/Christ-the-Redeemer>. Another cleaning
project in March 2010 repaired and refurbished the surface.

On the 75th anniversary of the statue's opening, in 2006, a chapel was
consecrated to Our Lady of Aparecida, the patron saint of Brazil.

The statue has also become synonymous with visiting celebrities, from
Princess Diana to, more recently, the USA Men's Basketball Team during the
games.
[image: A supermoon is pictured behind the Christ The Redeemer statue in
Rio De Janeiro, Brazil]
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A supermoon is pictured behind the Christ The Redeemer statue in Rio De
Janeiro, Brazil
[image: The statue on top of Corcovado looking over Botafogo cove, the Pan
de Azucar and Sugar Loaf mountain]
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The statue on top of Corcovado looking over Botafogo cove, the Pan de
Azucar and Sugar Loaf mountain
[image: Daredevil photographer Thiago Correa reached the top of his career
by snapping what has been described as the ultimate selfie from the top of
the statue. With a snap that's not for the faint-hearted, Thiago, 27, from
Brazil reached new dizzying heights by climbing to the head of the 124ft
Brazilian landmark to capture a view of Rio that very few have seen before]
+36

Daredevil photographer Thiago Correa reached the top of his career by
snapping what has been described as the ultimate selfie from the top of the
statue. With a snap that's not for the faint-hearted, Thiago, 27, from
Brazil reached new dizzying heights by climbing to the head of the 124ft
Brazilian landmark to capture a view of Rio that very few have seen before
[image: The altitude of the statue means it can be seen from many Olympic
Games events... including the Czech men's fours rowing team who were
carrying their boat at Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas last week]
+36

The altitude of the statue means it can be seen from many Olympic Games
events... including the Czech men's fours rowing team who were carrying
their boat at Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas last week
[image: Athletes compete in the women's marathon during the Olympics in Rio
de Janeiro, Brazil, where the statue Christ the Redeemer stands in the
background]
+36

Athletes compete in the women's marathon during the Olympics in Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil, where the statue Christ the Redeemer stands in the
background
[image: Competitors are seen running past Corcovado and the Christ the
Redeemer statue during the Women's Marathon]
+36

Competitors are seen running past Corcovado and the Christ the Redeemer
statue during the Women's Marathon
[image: Tourists enjoy the statue from close up on top of the mountain
after travelling to the statue on a railway]
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Tourists enjoy the statue from close up on top of the mountain after
travelling to the statue on a railway
[image: Princess Diana posing for photographers next to the monument of
Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro in April 1991]
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Princess Diana posing for photographers next to the monument of Christ the
Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro in April 1991
[image: The USA Basketball Men's National Team visited the statue on August
9 during the Olympics]
+36

The USA Basketball Men's National Team visited the statue on August 9
during the Olympics
[image: Kyle Lowry and DeMar DeRozan of the USA Basketball Men's National
Team pose during the visit to Christ the Redeemer]
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Kyle Lowry and DeMar DeRozan of the USA Basketball Men's National Team pose
during the visit to Christ the Redeemer
[image: Adriana Lima, the Brazilian model and actress, visits Christ the
Redeemer during an interview during the Olympic Games]
+36

Adriana Lima, the Brazilian model and actress, visits Christ the Redeemer
during an interview during the Olympic Games

Read more:
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